Sage Orthopaedics

Elite alpine skiing is associated with a particularly high risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, including graft ruptures. Despite a considerable focus on prevention, a reduction in injury rates has not been observed since the 1980s. In conclusion, combined ACLR and LEAP were associated with a significant reduction in the rate of ACL graft rupture in elite alpine ski athletes. Those treated with isolated ACLR remain at extremely high risk of a second ACL injury.   Click here to read the article.

Five articles from the May 2022 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full. The featured articles for this month are, "Femoroacetabular Impingement in Elite Skiers and Snowboarders: Return to Sports and Outcomes After Hip Arthroscopy", "Distalization of the Tibial Tubercle for Patellar Stabilization Combined With Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction: Length of Distalization or Residual Patella Alta Does Not Affect Outcome", "Biomechanical Role of the Superior Capsule in a Rotator Cuff Sectioned and Repaired State: A Sequential Sectioning Study", "Orthosis and Foot Structure Affectthe Fifth Metatarsal Principal StrainsDuring Simulated Level Walking", and "Stretch-Induced Healing of InjuredMuscl

The discoid lateral meniscus (DLM) is one of the most common congenital anomalies of the knee. The pathomorphology of DLM varies. Current classification systems are inadequate to describe the spectrum of abnormality. In conclusion, this new arthroscopic DLM classification system demonstrated moderate to substantial agreement in most diagnostic categories analyzed.   Click here to read the article.

Five articles from the April 2022 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full. The featured articles for this month are, "Synovial Fluid Cytokine Profile at the Time of Arthroscopy Explains Intermediate-Term Functional Outcomes", "Bone Fragment Resorption and Clinical Outcomes of Traumatic Bony Bankart Lesion Treated With Arthroscopic Repair Versus Open Latarjet", "Arthroscopic Characterization, Treatment, and Outcomes of Glenoid Labral Articular Disruption Lesions", "Predictors of Osteoarthritis Development at a Median 25 Years After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using a Patellar Tendon Autograft", and "Midterm Outcomes After Hip Labral Augmentation in Revision Hip Arthroscopy".   Click her

The discoid lateral meniscus (DLM) is one of the most common congenital anomalies of the knee. The pathomorphology of DLM varies. Current classification systems are inadequate to describe the spectrum of abnormality. In conclusion, this new arthroscopic DLM classification system demonstrated moderate to substantial agreement in most diagnostic categories analyzed.   Click here to read the article.

Five articles from the March 2022 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full. The featured articles for this month are, "Association Between Symptom Burden at Initiation of a Graduated Return to Activity Protocol and Time to Return to Unrestricted Activity After Concussion in Service Academy Cadets", "Return to Sports and Patients’ Rehabilitation Continuum After Deepening Trochleoplasty and Concomitant Patellar-Stabilizing Procedures: A Case Series of 111 Patients at 2 to 4 Years of Follow-up", "Clinical and Radiographic Differentiation of Pediatric Patellar Sleeve Fractures and Other Inferior Pole Pathologies", "Meniscal Treatment as a Predictor of Worse Articular Cartilage Damage on MRI at 2 Years Af

Humeral avulsion glenohumeral ligament (HAGL) lesions are often underreported but have been shown to occur in up to 10% of cases of anterior shoulder instability. In conclusion, patients with anterior shoulder instability undergoing surgical stabilization with open HAGL repair demonstrate excellent functional outcomes and high rates of RTP, with low rates of recurrence in the medium term compared with a control group without HAGL lesions who underwent arthroscopic Bankart repair alone.   Click here to read the article.

Five articles from the February 2022 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full. The featured articles for this month are, "Predictors of Graft Failure in Young Active Patients Undergoing Hamstring Autograft Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With or Without a Lateral Extra-articular Tenodesis: The Stability Experience", "The Contribution of Posterior Capsule Hypertrophy to Soft Tissue Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit in Healthy Pitchers", "Changes in the Synovial Fluid Cytokine Profile of the Knee Between an Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury and Surgical Reconstruction", "The Patellar Instability Probability Calculator: A Multivariate-Based Model to Predict the Individual Risk of Re

This special edition podcast highlights the top 10 articles of 2021  that caught the most public attention based on their Altmetric scores. 1. Effectiveness of Adding a Large Dose of Shoulder Strengthening to Current Nonoperative Care for Subacromial Impingement: A Pragmatic, Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial (SExSI Trial) 2. Systematic Video Analysis of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Professional Female Soccer Players 3. Can Biomechanical Testing After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Identify Athletes at Risk for Subsequent ACL Injury to the Contralateral Uninjured Limb? 4. High Risk of New Knee Injuries in Female Soccer Players After Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction at 5- to 10-Year Follow-up 5. Biomechanical but Not Strength or Performance Measures Differentiate Male Athletes Who Experience ACL Reinjury on Return to Level 1 Sports 6. Effect of Autologous Expanded Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells or Leukocyte-Poor Platelet-Rich Plasma in Chronic Patellar Tendinopa

Fatty infiltration of rotator cuff muscle is a limiting factor in the success of repairs. Fibroadipogenic progenitors (FAPs) are a population of stem cells within the rotator cuff that can differentiate into white adipocytes, fibroblasts, and beige adipocytes. The effects of patient age and rotator cuff tendon tear size on the number, differentiation patterns, and gene expression profiles of FAPs have not yet been analyzed. In conclusion, patient age and rotator cuff tear size independently regulated FAP number, differentiation, and gene expression. Age and tear size were positively correlated with increased FAP number and fibrogenic/adipogenic differentiation. Advancing patient age did not limit FAP beige differentiation and gene expression, while increasing rotator cuff tear size strongly inhibited these processes.   Click here to read the article.

Five articles from the January 2022 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full The featured articles for this month are, "Survivorship Rate and Clinical Outcomes 10 Years After Arthroscopic Correction of Symptomatic Femoroacetabular Impingement", "Higher Incidence of Radiographic Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis With Transtibial Femoral Tunnel Positioning Compared With Anteromedial Femoral Tunnel Positioning During Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis", "Ulnar Neuritis and Its Affect on Outcomes of Elbow Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction", "Remained Large Bone Fragment of Bony Bankart Lesion in Shoulders With a Subcritical Glenoid Defect at Recurrent Anter

Excessive general joint laxity, a negative prognostic factor in joint instability, has not been studied to determine its relationship with bipolar bone loss in anterior shoulder instability. In conclusion, patients with anterior shoulder instability and excessive joint laxity had significantly wider Hill-Sachs lesions and more off-track lesions than did those with normal joint laxity despite the lack of a significant difference in the glenoid bone defect. However, these differences in the Hill-Sachs lesion were not related to differences in the functional outcomes between the groups.   Click here to read the article.

Five articles from the December 2021 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full. The featured articles for this month are, "Obesity Impairs Enthesis Healing After Rotator Cuff Repair in a Rat Model", "The Effectiveness of Intramedullary Screw Fixation Using the Herbert Screw for Fifth Metatarsal Stress Fractures in High-Level Athletes", "Can We Eliminate Opioids After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction? A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial", "One Bony Morphology, Two Pathologic Entities: Sex-Based Differences in Patients With Borderline Hip Dysplasia Undergoing Hip Arthroscopy", and "Midterm Results After Isolated Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction as First-Line Surgical Treatme

Preoperative quantification of bone loss has a significant effect on surgical decision making and patient outcomes. Various measurement techniques for calculating glenoid bone loss have been proposed in the literature. To date, no studies have directly compared measurement techniques to determine which technique, if any, is the most reliable. In conclusion, glenoid bone loss calculation presents variability depending on the measurement technique, with different consistencies and accuracies. We recommend use of the Barchilon method by surgeons who frequently measure glenoid bone loss, because this method presents the best combined consistency and accuracy. However, for surgeons who measure glenoid bone loss occasionally, the most consistent method is the Giles method, although an adjustment for the overestimation bias may be required.   Click here to read the article.

Five articles from the November 2021 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full. The featured articles for this month are, "MRI Signal Intensity of Quadriceps Tendon Autograft and Hamstring Tendon Autograft 1 Year After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Adolescent Athletes", "Return to Sports and Minimum 2-Year Outcomes of Bilateral Hip Arthroscopy in High-Level Athletes With a Propensity-Matched Benchmarking Against a Unilateral Control Group", "Salvage Iliac Crest Bone Grafting for a Failed Latarjet Procedure: Analysis of Failed and Successful Procedures", "Shoulder External Rotational Properties During Physical Examination Are Associated With Injury That Requires Surgery and Shoulder Join

Coracoclavicular (CC) ligament reconstruction is a commonly performed procedure for high-grade acromioclavicular (AC) joint separations. Although distal clavicle and coracoid process fractures represent potential complications, they have been described in only case reports and small case series. In conclusion, fracture of the distal clavicle or coracoid process after CC ligament repair or reconstruction is a rare but serious complication that can occur independent of bone tunnels created during the index procedure. Fractures associated with CC ligament procedures occurred at a rate of 2.46 per 100 cases. Most patients were ultimately treated surgically with open reduction and internal fixation or revision CC ligament reconstruction. Although the majority of patients with intraoperative or postoperative fractures regained full range of motion, complications such as anterior shoulder pain, AC joint asymmetry, and activity-related weakness were common sequelae resulting in physical limitations and separation fro

Five articles from the October 2021 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full. The featured articles for this month are, "Implementation of Percutaneous Transforaminal Endoscopic Discectomyin Competitive Elite Athletes With Lumbar Disc Herniation: Original Study and Review of the Literature", "Familial Risk and Its InteractionWith Body Mass Index and Physical Activity in Anterior Cruciate LigamentInjury Among First-Degree Relatives: A Population-Based Cohort Study", "Radial Head Lag: A Possible Biomechanical Mechanism for OsteochondritisDissecans of the Capitellum in Baseball Players", "Clinical and Structural Results of RotatorCuff Repair Compared With Rotator CuffDebridement in Arthroscopic Treatmen

The long-term outcomes of single- versus double-row fixation in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair are not currently known. In conclusion, a statistically significant (but likely not clinically important) difference in WORC scores was seen at 10-year follow-up in favor of double-row fixation. Between baseline and 10-year follow-up, a decrease in most outcome scores was observed in both the single- and the double-row groups.   Click here to read the article.

Five articles from the September 2021 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full. The featured articles for this month are, "Prediction of Shoulder Stiffness AfterArthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair", "Multicenter Outcomes After RevisionHip Arthroscopy: Comparative Analysis of 2-Year OutcomesAfter Labral Repair Versus Labral Reconstruction", "Lateral Extra-articular Tenodesis AltersLateral Compartment Contact Mechanicsunder Simulated Pivoting Maneuvers: An In Vitro Study", "Creation and Validation of a ShorthandMagnetic Resonance Imaging Bone AgeAssessment Tool of the Knee as anAlternative Skeletal Maturity Assessment", and "Outcomes of Surgically TreatedFifth Metatarsal Fractures in MajorLeague Soccer At

Although blood flow restriction (BFR) is becoming increasingly popular in physical therapy and athletic training settings, little is known about the effects of BFR combined with low-intensity exercise (LIX) on muscles proximal to the site of occlusion. In conclusion, combined BFR-LIX may yield greater increases in shoulder and arm lean mass, strength, and muscular endurance compared with fatiguing LIX alone during rotator cuff exercises. These findings may be due, in part, to a greater activation of shoulder muscles while using BFR.   Click here to read the article.