Sage Orthopaedics

Prior attempts to quantify the pivot-shift examination have been too invasive or impractical for clinical use. A noninvasive method for quantifying rotatory knee laxity is needed. The inertial sensor and image analysis techniques were able to detect differences between low- and high-grade pivot-shift test results. A quantitative assessment of the pivot-shift test could augment the diagnosis of an ACL injury and improve the ability to detect changes in rotatory knee laxity over time.   Click here to read the article.

Five articles from the August 2016 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full. The featured articles for this month are “Precollegiate Knee Surgery Predicts Subsequent Injury Requiring Surgery in NCAA Athletes”, “Changes in Transcriptome-Wide Gene Expression of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears Based on Time From Injury”,  “Incidence, Degree, and Clinical Effect of Subchondral Bone Overgrowth After Microfracture in the Knee”, “Fastball Pitch Velocity Helps Predict Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction in Major League Baseball Pitchers”, and "Ultrasound-Guided Injection Therapy of Achilles Tendinopathy With Platelet-Rich Plasma or Saline: A Randomized, Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial".   Click here

Limited research is available regarding return-to-running (RTR) time after femoral neck stress fractures. While studies have shown the prognostic value of image-based grading scales for stress fractures at other sites, few have included femoral neck stress fractures. This study found that grade 2 to 4 femoral neck stress fractures require longer RTR time than do grade 1 injuries. Also, patients with lower BMI tend to require a longer RTR time.   Click here to read the article.

Five articles from the July 2016 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full. The featured articles for this month are “Effect of Matching or Overconstraining Knee Laxity During Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction on Knee Osteoarthritis and Clinical Outcomes: A Randomized Controlled Trial With 84-Month Follow-up”, “Surgical Trends in the Treatment of Meniscal Tears: Analysis of Data From the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery Certification Examination Database”,  “Hamstring and Quadriceps Isokinetic Strength Deficits Are Weak Risk Factors for Hamstring Strain Injuries: A 4-Year Cohort Study”, “Outcomes of Lisfranc Injuries in the National Football League”, and “Novel Arthroscopic Classification

Pectoralis major tendon ruptures are commonly described as rare injuries affecting men between 20 and 40 years of age, with generally excellent results after surgical repair. However, this perception is based on a relatively small number of case series and prospective studies in the orthopaedic literature. Among military personnel, Army soldiers and junior officer/enlisted rank were at highest risk of pectoralis major tendon ruptures, and junior personnel were at highest risk of being unable to return to duty after surgical treatment. Although increasing time from injury to surgery was not a risk factor for treatment failure or inability to return to duty, it did significantly increase the risk of a postoperative complication.   Click here to read the article.

Five articles from the June 2016 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full. The featured articles for this month are “Clinical and Anatomic Predictors of Outcomes After the Latarjet Procedure for the Treatment of Anterior Glenohumeral Instability With Combined Glenoid and Humeral Bone Defects”, “Multivariate Analysis of the Risk Factors for First-Time Noncontact ACL Injury in High School and College Athletes A Prospective Cohort Study With a Nested, Matched Case-Control Analysis”,  “Risk of Injuries in Paralympic Track and Field Differs by Impairment and Event Discipline A Prospective Cohort Study at the London 2012 Paralympic Games”, “Implantation of Autologous Cartilage Chips Improves Cartilage Repa

With rising participation in youth sports such as baseball, proximal humeral epiphysiolysis, or Little League shoulder (LLS), is being seen with increasing frequency. However, there remains a paucity of literature regarding the causes, natural history, or treatment outcomes of LLS. Little League shoulder is being diagnosed with increasing frequency. While most common in male baseball pitchers, the condition can occur in females, youth catchers, other baseball positions players, and tennis players. Concomitant elbow pain may be seen in up to 13%. After rest and physical therapy, recurrent symptoms may occur in a small subset of patients (7%), generally 3 to 6 months after return to sports. Almost one-third of LLS patients had GIRD, and this group had approximately three times higher probability of recurrence compared with those without GIRD.   Click here to read the article.

Five articles from the May 2016 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full. The featured articles for this month are “Distribution of Force in the Medial Collateral Ligament Complex During Simulated Clinical Tests of Knee Stability”, “Fasciotomy for Deep Posterior Compartment Syndrome in the Lower Leg: A Prospective Study”,  “Activity Level and Function After Lateral Ankle Ligament Repair Versus Reconstruction”, “No Difference on Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patellofemoral Cartilage Composition Between Patients With Patellofemoral Pain and Healthy Controls”, and “Is Knee Pain During Adolescence a Self-limiting Condition?: Prognosis of Patellofemoral Pain and Other Types of Knee Pain”.   C

Short-term outcomes for patients with large, engaging Hill-Sachs lesions who underwent remplissage have demonstrated good results. However, limited data are available for longer term outcomes. The redislocation rate after remplissage was 11.8% at an average of 5 years, with 95.5% of patients returning to full sports at an average of 7 months. For throwing sports, 65.5% of patients complained of decreased range of motion during throwing. The results should be considered preoperatively in candidates for remplissage who are engaged in throwing sports.   Click here to read the article.

Five articles from the April 2016 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full. The featured articles for this month are “Recurrent Anterior Shoulder Instability With Combined Bone Loss: Treatment and Results With the Modified Latarjet Procedure”, “Biomechanical Effects of a Horizontal Medial Meniscal Tear and Subsequent Leaflet Resection”,  “Does Superficial Medial Collateral Ligament Release in Open-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy for Varus Osteoarthritic Knees Increase Valgus Laxity”, “Recovery of Muscle Strength After Intact Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair According to Preoperative Rotator Cuff Tear Size”, and “Physical Activity Level and Symptom Duration Are Not Associated After Concussion”.   Click he

Impairments in motor control may predicate the paradigm of chronic ankle instability (CAI) that can develop in the year after an acute lateral ankle sprain (LAS) injury. No prospective analysis is currently available identifying the mechanisms by which these impairments develop and contribute to long-term outcome after LAS.  This study found that an inability to complete jumping and landing tasks within 2 weeks of a first-time LAS and poorer dynamic postural control and lower self-reported function 6 months after a first-time LAS were predictive of eventual CAI outcome.   Click here to read the article.  

Five articles from the March 2016 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full. The featured articles for this month are “Ultrasound-Guided Injection of Platelet-Rich Plasma and Hyaluronic Acid, Separately and in Combination, for Hip Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Study”, “Depression Symptomatology and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Incidence and Effect on Functional Outcome— A Prospective Cohort Study”,  “Midterm Outcomes of Reverse (Anteverting) Periacetabular Osteotomy in Patients With Hip Impingement Secondary to Acetabular Retroversion”, “Individual Responses to a Barefoot Running Program: Insight Into Risk of Injury”, and “Is Sport Activity Possible After Arthroscopic Meniscal Allograft

There are limited and inconsistent data regarding return-to-sport outcomes after revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). This study hypothesized that return-to-sport rates will be lower after revision ACLR when compared with primary ACLR. After evaluating a study cohort of 136 eligible patients, this study concluded that return-to-sport rates of patients after revision ACLR were similar to those after their primary surgery but were still lower than the reported rates of ACLR patients who did not need revision surgery. Greater chondral pathologic abnormalities at revision surgery were associated with reduced function at follow-up.   Click here to read the article. 

Five articles from the February 2016 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full. The featured articles for this month are “Arthroscopic Stabilization of Chronic Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocations: Triple- Versus Single-Bundle Reconstruction”, “Immobilization in External Rotation Versus Internal Rotation After Primary Anterior Shoulder Dislocation: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials”,  “Effect on Patient-Reported Outcomes of Debridement or Microfracture of Concomitant Full-Thickness Cartilage Lesions in Anterior Cruciate Ligament–Reconstructed Knees: A Nationwide Cohort Study From Norway and Sweden of 357 Patients With 2-Year Follow-up”, “Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Professiona

With an active aging population, more patients expect to return to previous activities and work after surgery.  This was a retrospective review of consecutive patients who underwent shoulder hemiarthroplasty from 2007 to 2013, to determine the rate and timing to return of sports and employment after shoulder hemiarthroplasty. In this hemiarthroplasty cohort, there was a 67.2% rate of return to 1 or more sports at an average of 6.5 months postoperatively. Patients older than 65 years experienced similar improvements in ASES scores compared with patients younger than 65 years, although absolute scores were lower on average. Those who returned to higher demand sports were younger on average. Of patients working preoperatively, 69.4% returned to their previous employment at an average of 1.4 months. Patients who did not return to employment had significantly higher body mass index on average. These findings will help surgeons manage expectations of shoulder hemiarthroplasty candidates preoperatively.   Click here

Microfracture is the most commonly applied arthroscopic marrow stimulation procedure. This controlled laboratory study found that small-diameter microfracture awls improve articular cartilage repair in the translational sheep model more effectively than do larger awls. These data support the use of small microfracture instruments for the surgical treatment of cartilage defects and warrant prolonged clinical investigations.   Click here to read the article. 

Five articles from the January 2016 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full. The featured articles for this month are “Arthroscopic Capsular Repair for Symptomatic Hip Instability After Previous Hip Arthroscopic Surgery”, “Return to Training and Playing After Acute Lisfranc Injuries in Elite Professional Soccer and Rugby Players”,  “Motivations Associated With Nondisclosure of Self-Reported Concussions in Former Collegiate Athletes”, “Articular Cartilage Degenerates After Subtotal/Total Lateral Meniscectomy but Radiographic Arthrosis Progression Is Reduced After Meniscal Transplantation”, and “Is Hip Abduction Strength Asymmetry Present in Female Runners in the Early Stages of Patellofemoral Pain Sy

Five articles from the December 2015 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full. The featured articles for this month are “Does Medial Meniscal Allograft Transplantation With the Bone-Plug Technique Restore the Anatomic Location of the Native Medial Meniscus?,” “Posterior Humeral Avulsion of the Glenohumeral Ligament and Associated Injuries Assessment Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging,” “Male-Female Differences in Knee Laxity and Stiffness: A Cadaveric Study,” and “Micheli Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Skeletally Immature Youths A Retrospective Case Series With a Mean 3-Year Follow-up.”   Click here to read the articles.

As the demand increases for demonstration of competence in surgical skill, the need for validated assessment tools also increases. The results of this study provide evidence that the performance of an ACLR in a dry model is a reliable method of assessing a resident’s knowledge of the steps and instrumentation required, and the method shows evidence of validity.   Click here to read the article. 

Five articles from the November 2015 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full. The featured articles for this month are “Incidence of Stingers in Young Rugby Players,” “Effect of Arthroscopic Stabilization on In Vivo Glenohumeral Joint Motion and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Anterior Instability,” “Relationship Between Glenoid Defects and Hill-Sachs Lesions in Shoulders With Traumatic Anterior Instability,” “Revision Risk After Allograft Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Association With Graft Processing Techniques, Patient Characteristics, and Graft Type,” and “Efficacy of the FIFA 11+ Injury Prevention Program in the Collegiate Male Soccer Player.”   Click here to read the articles.